We've already seen the idea of harnessing the power of human motion to generate electricity used in many fields, including footwear, roads, and, just this week, an implantable stimulator device for treating injured tendons,media reported. One of these possibilities is a floor that can power electronic devices, and scientists at ETH Zurich have now developed an efficient form of this technology that is powerful enough to power LED light bulbs and small electronic devices.
Gadu gaitā zinātnieki ir izpētījuši vairākus novatoriskus grīdas segumu risinājumus, kas spēj radīt elektrību no cilvēka kustības, tostarp keramikas flīzes iekštelpās un ārā, kā arī porainu koku, kas balstās uz pjezoelektrisko efektu, lai radītu spriegumu zem mehāniska spiediena. Šim jaunajam piemēram ir dažas līdzības ar citu piemēru, ko redzējām 2016. gadā, kurā zinātnieki iestrādāja celulozes nanošķiedras koka grīdās, radot elektrisko lādiņu, vibrējot ar tā saukto triboelektrisko efektu.
The triboelectric effect also forms the basis for the new smart wood floor, which consists of two treated wood veneers with electrodes layered underneath. But to get the performance to the desired level, some tinkering is required to address the limited power generation capacity of wood. "Wood is basically neutral," said Guido Panzarasa, senior author of the study. "This means that wood has no real tendency to gain or lose electrons. So the challenge is to make wood able to attract and lose electrons."
The team's solution involved coating one piece of wood with a silicone that readily gains electrons on contact, and embedding metal ions and organic molecules on another piece of wood, giving it a higher propensity to lose electrons. This treatment was tested on different species of wood cut in different directions, and the team then found the most efficient option, radially cut spruce.
Pēc zinātnieku domām, šī apstrāde padara koksni 80 reizes efektīvāku elektroenerģijas ražošanā nekā dabīgā koka un nodrošina stabilu jaudu pastāvīgā spriedzē līdz pat 1500 cikliem. Materiāls, kas veidots apmēram A4 formāta papīra formātā, var radīt pietiekami daudz elektroenerģijas, lai darbinātu mājsaimniecības LED gaismas, kalkulatorus un citas mazas elektronikas.
Panzarasa said: "Our focus was to demonstrate the possibility of modifying wood with a relatively environmentally friendly procedure to have a triboelectric effect. Spruce is cheap, available, and has good mechanical properties. This method of functionalization is quite Simple and scalable on an industrial level. It's just an engineering problem."
Scientists are now working to improve their handling of wood to make it more eco-friendly and easier to apply as they work towards commercial application. To their advantage, the "dynamo" maintains the natural look and durability of wood floors, which could make it an attractive option for style-conscious designers in future smart buildings.
"The ultimate goal is to understand the potential of wood, beyond those already known, and to give wood new properties for future sustainable smart buildings," said Panzarasa. The research was published in the journal Matter.
